Lycopene is considered to be safe when obtained from foods. A meta-analysis of 12 studies concluded that the intake of 25 mg of lycopene per day effectively reduces two major heart disease risk factors: bad (LDL) cholesterol and high blood pressure [13]. Food & function, 10(6), 30903102. [1]. Lycopene is classified as a non-provitamin A carotenoid because it does not act like vitamin A in the body (instead of other carotenoids, like beta-carotene, converted to retinol). The antioxidant properties of lycopene assure the body from damage coaxed by pesticides. Some tomato products like sun-dried tomato and tomato paste are also high in lycopene. There was one observational study that showed that the consumption of tomatoes was not significantly different between control and cervical cancer cases and no studies showing a relationship between tomatoes or tomato-based foods and risk of cervical cancer. Some research shows that taking a specific lycopene supplement twice daily starting between weeks 16 and 20 of pregnancy and continuing until delivery lowers blood pressure and reduces associated complications. Based on the scientific evidence, FDA concludes that there is no credible evidence to support a qualified health claim for tomato lycopene; tomatoes and tomato products, which contain lycopene; lycopene in tomatoes and tomato products; lycopene in fruits and vegetables, including tomatoes and tomato products, and lycopene as a food ingredient, a component of food, or as a dietary supplement and reduced risk of prostate cancer 30). Past research, has shown that a diet rich in lycopene-containing foods may help lower the risk of prostate and other cancers. FDA concludes that there is little scientific evidence supporting this claim 34). A study discovered that lipocoene aids in hair growth. Lycopene-rich tomatoes linked to lower stroke risk. Based on these studies, FDA concludes that it is highly unlikely that tomatoes reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer.. subscriptions at any time. A study found that lycopene doses during pregnancy increased the risk . Some research shows that a diet rich in carotenoids, including lycopene, seems to help prevent ovarian cancer in young (premenopausal) women. To illustrate, studies have shown that those who eat more fruits and vegetables are also less likely to drink alcohol. Results from several in vitro and animal studies have indicated that lycopene may have chemopreventive effects for cancers of the prostate, skin, breast, lung, and liver; however, human trials have been inconsistent in their findings. These nutritious foods also provide vitamin C, potassium, folate and other antioxidant pigments. Lycopene may also affect the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) intracellular pathway in prostate cancer cells. [4] Additionally, it can improve their motility and morphology, which can help increase the chances of conception. FDA further concluded that there was no credible evidence to support qualified health claims for lycopene, as a food ingredient, component of food, or as a dietary supplement, and a reduced risk of any of these cancers. Special Populations. 11420039) is registered in UK, manufactures in the US and distributes globally. To lower lipid levels, lycopene has been taken by mouth in 4-44-milligram doses daily for up to six months. However, too much lycopene may pose certain health risks. One cup (240 mL) of tomato juice provides about 23 mg of lycopene 7). Eating moderate amounts of lycopene-rich foods is safe. Other than writing, he loves audiobooks, streaming shows, basketball, reading, watching football, and ice cream. Lets look at more benefits of lycopene to men below. which enables users to obtain detailed information and reports based on their genome. Cancer prevention. You're All Set! Although lycopene may offer numerous health benefits, a recommended intake for this plant pigment has not been established. Lycopene is a phytochemical that belongs to a group of pigments known as carotenoids. Liu S, Gaziano JM, Buring JE.. (2003). At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for lycopene. Healthy males participated in a crossover design study that attempted to differentiate the effects of a tomato matrix from those of lycopene by using lycopene-rich red tomatoes, lycopene-free yellow tomatoes, and purified lycopene. Besides this, various beauty brands also incorporate this nutrient to skin care products as it ensures overall health and prevents UV rays damage. Very limited and preliminary scientific research suggests that eating one-half to one cup of tomatoes and/or tomato sauce a week may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. By clicking subscribe, I agree to Bensnaturalhealth Ovarian cancer. Thirty healthy men aged 50 to 70 years were randomly assigned to two groups with each group consuming 200 g/d of yellow tomato paste (lycopene, 0 mg) and 200 g/d of red tomato paste (lycopene, 16 mg) as part of their regular diet for 1 week, separated by a 2-week washout period. It also enhances sun protection, improves heart health, and lowers the risk of certain types of cancer. None of these 3 studies supported a relationship between tomato or tomato-based food intake and lung cancer risk reduction. products are intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Foods rich in lycopene inhibit formation of blood clots resulting stroke. However, other research shows that the risk of developing ovarian cancer is not linked to lycopene blood levels. Despite the non-toxicity and proven beneficial effects of lycopene, it is yet to be considered an essential dietary component. Research about how lycopene affects the risk of lung cancer is inconsistent. Lycopene has not only been linked to many health benefits including disease prevention but . In an observational study of 1,379 European men, high blood levels of lycopene, but not other carotenoids, correlated with fewer heart attacks. While tomatoes are the richest source of lycopene, the nutrient is also found in guavas, watermelon, winter squash, carrots, grapefruit, sweet red peppers, papaya, persimmon, asparagus, red cabbage, mangoes and the Vietnamese fruit, Gac. Studies have looked into the effects of lycopene on urinary function. However, it is believed that despite the absence of any reported side effects, lycopene may still cause undesirable effects. On the basis of overall evidence, the association between tomato consumption and reduced risk of prostate cancer is limited 14). In response to these petitions, FDA evaluated evidence for associations between lycopene (a food component) and tomatoes (a food) separately and each form of cancer. Other carotenoids like alpha- and beta-carotene lacked this benefit [23]. To treat heart disease, lycopene has been taken by mouth in the form of tomato products, capsules, and Lyc-O-Mato in doses of 39.2-80 milligram doses daily for 1-12 weeks 43). It is red and lipophilic. You're All Set! As much as possible one should include products with lycopene to beauty regimen for maintaining toned and smooth skin. Scalp health. Cataracts. Aside from giving certain plants and vegetables their color, lycopene also protects cells in the body against damage by acting as an antioxidant. Early research shows that taking lycopene by along with antibiotics does not help treat H. pylori infection compared to taking antibiotics alone. Lycopene is found in a number of fruits and vegetables, including apricots, guavas, and watermelon, but the majority of lycopene consumed in the United States is from tomato-based products 20). According to the World Health Organization, infertility is defined as the inability of a sexually active couple (at least three times per month), who do not use contraception, to achieve pregnancy within one year. Daily supplements containing up to 120 mg of lycopene have been used safely for up to one year. Early research shows that taking a specific combination of lycopene, selenium, and saw palmetto by mouth for 8 weeks reduces pain in men with prostate swelling and pelvic pain compared to saw palmetto alone. But agencies such as the European Food Safety Authority and the US Food and Drug Administration are not convinced; on the basis of current evidence, they have refused to label lycopene as a beneficial drug. Supports hair growth. Lycopene. Dietary lycopene is considered to confer cardiovascular benefits, as e.g., consuming at least 7 servings/week of lycopene-based products significantly decreased cardiovascular risk within seven years in postmenopausal women, free from prior cardiovascular disorders and cancer ( Sesso et al., 2003 ). Kidney cancer (renal cell carcinoma). Kopec R, Schwartz SJ, Hadley C: Lycopene. Lycopene is regarded as a natural source for hair growth. White pre-cancerous patches in the mouth (oral leukoplakia). In algae, plants and other photosynthetic organisms, lycopene is an intermediate in biosynthesis of various carotenoids such as beta-carotene responsible for orange, yellow and red pigmentation, photoprotection and phytosynthesis. This nutrient helps to prevent destruction of brain tissue caused often by oxidation. Early research shows no link between lycopene consumption in the diet and the risk of developing kidney cancer. Fiedor J, Burda K. Potential role of carotenoids as antioxidants in human health and . Research suggests that there is no link between lycopene consumption in the diet or lycopene blood levels and the risk for bladder cancer. Lets do a quick recap, shall we? Lycopene is one of the most potent plant-derived antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables. We know numerous other carotenoids improve eyesight; while lycopene may do the same, research is still lacking to support the claim [33]. Please Check Your Email for Further Align your health hacks with your genes for optimal health & cognitive function. To treat inflammation of the mouth, 16 milligrams of lycopene has been taken by mouth daily in two divided doses for two months 49). Some evidence suggests that having higher lycopene blood levels is associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. Let us discuss them in detail below. What is Lycopene. A large analysis of 17 studies concluded that increased tomato consumption is linked to 15-20% lower rates of prostate cancer. Health Benefits. Eating a diet rich in tomatoes, grapefruit and other foods that are high in lycopene may protect you against some forms of chronic disease, MayoClinic.com notes. https://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/labelingnutrition/ucm072760.htm, U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Note that each number in parentheses [1, 2, 3, etc.] According to MayoClinic.com, most clinical studies have focused on the amount of lycopene-containing foods that participants ate rather than on the specific quantities of lycopene they consumed. Study shows that lycopene is the natural way to cure prostate cancer. The study found that urinary function improved more in the study group than in the control group. It is related to beta- carotene and gives some vegetables and fruits (e.g., tomatoes) a red color. Therefore, consuming a moderate amount of fat (10 to 15 grams) with foods high in lycopene can increase the amount of lycopene absorbed into the body. In a clinical study, lycopene affected bone metabolism. Most people admire colorful fruits and veggies, but few know about the pigment that gives tomatoes their red color: lycopene. Neither of the studies found a relationship between tomato or tomato-based food intake and breast cancer risk. It has plenty of health benefits, including improving prostate, eye, brain, skin and heart health. The clear overall benefits of lycopene for the body are as follows: no atherosclerotic plaques are formed in the blood; . Aside from the popular tomato, other sources of lycopene include red grapefruit, watermelon and apricots. Mozos, I., Stoian, D., Caraba, A., Malainer, C., Horbaczuk, J. O., & Atanasov, A. G. (2018). Though lycopene are found in red colored foods. Since tomatoes also contain other nutrients, such as vitamin C and potassium, the potential benefits of lycopene alone are still unclear. One of the most potent anti-inflammatory antioxidants, lycopene appears to protect against a staggering array of chronic conditions, including cancer, heart disease, male infertility, and cognitive decline. Because lectin can help protect against skin cancer and other illnesses, it is an effective antioxidant. Additionally, lycopene reduced bone cell death in test tubes [38, 39]. Lycopene is a powerful nutrient in the fight against acne, particularly for people with oily or combination skin.Research has shown that consuming adequate lycopene supplements can, over time, reduce the amount of oily residue on the skin's surface, balance the skin's natural bacteria and reduce the appearance of pores. Birkhauser Verlag: Basel; 1987. Scalp ailments could disassemble overall hair condition. However, other evidence suggests that lycopene does not affect cholesterol levels in healthy adults or in those with heart disease. And in a research of about 1000 older men and women, people who ate the maximum tomato merchandise had approximately half of the odds of melancholy. Treatment of Asthma. Another angle we looked at is the health benefits of lycopene to men. 15 1540-1547. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31826e26a6. Lycopene supplements may have unknown side effects or medication interactions when taken in high doses. The lycopene in supplements is about as easy for the body to use as lycopene found in food. Uses of Lycopene. Lyc-O-Mato, containing 15 milligrams of lycopene, has been taken by mouth daily for six weeks and eight weeks. Lycopene tends to accumulate in the prostate and may play a role in prostate cancer prevention [15]. General health benefits of lycopene include protection from the sun, better heart health, and reduction of the risk of certain types of cancer. Taking lycopene does not seem to reduce asthma symptoms in adults with stable asthma. In an observational study of nearly 50K men, those with higher lycopene intake were less likely to develop prostate cancer. Nutritionists recommend consuming foods which encloses immunity strengthening properties. Lycopene also helps lower LDL ("bad") cholesterol and raise HDL ("good") cholesterol to prevent plaques and atherosclerosis. The researchers suggested that lycopene, in addition to its ability to attack free radicals, may also reduce inflammation and cholesterol, improve immune function, and prevent blood from clotting. understand that may opt out of bensnaturalhealth Brain tumor (giloma). Lycopene is a natural compound and carotenoid that is mainly found in bright red fruits and vegetables. Lycopene is regarded as a natural source for hair growth. Gingivitis. Qualified Health Claims: Letter Regarding Tomatoes and Prostate Cancer (Lycopene Health Claim Coalition) (Docket No. Some lycopene supplementation research conducted on men has shown positive results in treating infertility in men. The FDA found very limited evidence to support an association between tomato consumption and reduced risks of prostate, ovarian, gastric, and pancreatic cancers 32). Interactions. . Food & Nutrition. Analysis of blood samples indicated that eating full-fat salad dressing led to more carotenoid absorption than eating low-fat or nonfat dressing. To prevent ovarian cancer, 4,000 micrograms of lycopene has been taken by mouth daily 50). The bioavailability of lycopene is greater in processed tomato products, such as tomato paste and tomato puree, than in raw tomatoes 17). It is said to be very much effective in preventing cancer . Lycopene is an antioxidant that may have some health benefits, particularly against cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Foods with not red color such as parsley and asparagus contain lycopene. Based on the above, FDA concludes that there is no credible evidence supporting a relationship between tomato or tomato-based food consumption and breast cancer. Tomato-based foods offer the highest concentrations of lycopene, according to the Linus Pauling Institute. Lycopene has a lot of unique benefits for men. In line with this, low lycopene blood levels were associated with heart disease in an observational study of 210 men [9, 10]. In addition, it soothes patched and rough skin by revitalizing dead skin cells. Other behaviors that support health may also coincidentally occur in people who eat enough lycopene. Due to conflicting research results, more studies are needed to evaluate the potential role of lycopene in breast cancer prevention. In addition, there have been reports of lycopenodermia (a condition in which the skin turns orange after eating large amounts of lycopene-rich foods). to receive emails from bensnaturalhealth and I Some research shows that women with higher levels of lycopene in their blood have a lower risk of developing heart disease. Heart disease. The largest meta-analysis of 26 studies and over 560,000 participants confirmed an inverse association between lycopene intake and blood levels and prostate cancer [19]. If your doctor suggests using a lycopene supplement, work with them to find the optimal dosage according to your health condition and other factors. Lycopene is a phytonutrient (fancy word for plant nutrient) that gives a lot of our favorite pink and red foods like tomatoes, guava, watermelon, and pink grapefruit their natural color. In clinical trials involving prostate cancer patients, doses ranging from 10 to 120 mg/d have been well tolerated, with only occasional mild-to-moderate gastrointestinal toxicities. To treat asthma caused by exercise, 30 milligrams of lycopene in the form of Lyc-O-Mato has been taken by mouth daily for one week 39). Ulcers caused by H. pylori infection. 2022 BENSNATURALHEALTH.COM. Sesso et al. There is inconsistent evidence about the effect of lycopene on ovarian cancer risk. Theres no evidence of lycopene toxicity from diet. Studies show that participants who had received 30 mg per day of lycopene for one week had improved exercise-induced asthma. It also confirmed the beneficial effects of lycopene intake on blood pressure [14]. The powerful antioxidant properties of lycopene may help lower the risk of certain cancers. As an antioxidant, lycopene has been taken by mouth in doses of 6.5, 15, and 30 milligrams daily for eight weeks. 12 grams carbohydrates. There may be many more health benefits of lycopene, especially to men, that we do not know about yet. Serum lycopene decreases the risk of stroke in men : A population-based follow-up study. No evidence is available suggesting it is beneficial for treating infertility issues in women. Several factors contribute to this improved absorption, which are: Unlike the other carotenoids, lycopene does not have a beta-ionic ring at either end and therefore lacks vitamin A activity. And tomato-based products do, give you the most bang for your buck. 79 no. 1 gram fiber. Delays onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Risk Factors Complicationsof BPH Can diet [], Article Contents What is BPH? He is passionate about writing and patient education. Dr. David Letsa completed his medical degree at Semmelweis University in Budapest, Hungary. The information on this website has not been evaluated by the Food & Drug Administration or any other medical body. With so many potential causes for these conditions, it is not compulsion to associate them with a lycopene deficiency definitely. To treat coronary artery disease, 1.24 grams of six-percent lycopene oleoresin capsules (LycoRed) has been taken by mouth daily for one week. https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/554.html, NCI Thesaurus. Watermelon Nutrition Facts. Supports healthy estrogen metabolism. I also agree High blood pressure during pregnancy. More studies are required to claim this. Lycopene prevented early cognitive decline in rats with diabetes and Parkinsons disease. The FDA also found no credible evidence for an association between tomato consumption and a reduced risk of lung, colorectal, breast, cervical, or endometrial cancer. Home What Are The Benefits of Lycopene for Men? In one study, patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were given 15 mg per day of lycopene for six months. We believe that the most accurate information is found directly in the scientific source. Lycopene inhibits androgen receptor expression in prostate cancer cells in vitro and along with some of its metabolites, reduces prostate cancer cell proliferation and may modulate cell-cycle progression 23). The bioavailability of lycopene has been examined and demonstrated in several studies relating lycopene to prostate cancer and other diseases. Lycopene and Vascular Health. There are also a lot of compounds in food that arent lycopene but that are similar, and some of those molecules may be part of what makes lycopene so beneficial 37). Though the results so far are promising, the current findings in this article are based on the little amount of research that has been carried out. Lycopene supplements may not be suited for pregnant women and those taking certain types of medications (34, 35). Lycopene benefits - cardiovascular diseases (CVD) Sesso HD and co-workers at Harvard Medical School conducted a prospective, nested, case-control study in 39,876 middle-aged and elderly women initially free of CVD and cancer and observed that higher plasma lycopene However, theres currently no evidence that the lycopene itself is directly causing this reduced risk. One of the biggest benefits of lycopene is that it is an antioxidant and protects the body from free radical stress that can damage DNA and other cell structures. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Notify me via e-mail if anyone answers my comment. : Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements. https://ifst.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ijfs.14260. One cup of watermelon has: 46 calories. https://academic.oup.com/jnci/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jnci/djm037, United States Department of Agriculture Food Composition Databases. Nouri, M, Amani, R, Nasr-Esfahani, M, Tarrahi, MJ. Four studies did not show that tomato intake reduces the risk of gastric cancer, but three studies suggest that tomato intake may reduce this risk. When the body is exposed to sunlight and its ultraviolet rays, the body produces melanin to protect the skin cells from damage. Medline Plus. A recent study published in the Journal of Medicinal Food found that lycopene may improve sperm quality and motility. There is also early evidence that higher lycopene blood levels can reduce the risk of heart disease associated with hardening of the arteries. Tomatoes are rich in lycopene and other skin-protective compounds. Lycopenes absorption is improved with concurrent dietary fat intake, this is because lycopene is fat soluble and oil in tomato sauce, for example, makes it ideal for absorbing lycopene. Hedayati, N., Naeini, M.B., Nezami, A., Hosseinzadeh, H., Wallace Hayes, A., Hosseini, S., Imenshahidi, M. and Karimi, G. (2019), Protective effect of lycopene against chemical and natural toxins: A review. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2615641/, Mordente A, Guantario B, Meucci E, et al. Prostate cancer. Forchlorfenuron . Those with the highest levels had the lowest risk of dying from cardiovascular disease. Curr Med Chem 18 (8): 1146-63, 2011. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21291369?dopt=Abstract, Human Metabolome Database. Also, approximately half of the cases are because of the male factor. Lower risk of coronary heart diseases. Lycopene is cancer-preventative phytonutrient. Age-related eye disease (age-related maculopathy). Women with higher levels of lycopene in their blood seem to recover from cancer-associated HPV infection faster than women with lower lycopene blood levels. Some great ways to get the best absorption of these lycopene-rich foods are recipes like spaghetti sauces, chilis, and tomato soup. We are dedicated to providing the most scientifically valid, unbiased, and comprehensive information on any given topic. Colorectal cancer. When adverse effects occurred, they tended to present as gastrointestinal symptoms and, in one study, the symptoms resolved when lycopene was taken with meals. Lycopene Benefits. Other causes include urogenital infections, congenital and genetic anomalies, immunologic factors, and endocrine disorders. The researchers finish that a tomato-wealthy food . Foods such as watermelon, tomatoes, grapefruit, papaya, and mangos have the highest amounts of lycopene. Some early research shows that a diet high in lycopene, primarily from tomatoes, seems to lower the risk of developing pancreatic cancer. 1. LYCOPENE Lycopene is a naturally occurring pigment found in fruits and vegetables giving them pink to red color. A plus sign next to the number [1+, 2+, etc] means that the information is found within the full scientific study rather than the abstract. The most common cause of male factor infertility is varicocele (about 35%). Previous reports have shown that lycopene from processed and heated tomato products is better absorbed than lycopene from raw tomatoes. In: Coates PM, Betz JM, Blackman MR, et al., eds. Some evidence suggests that higher lycopene blood levels or higher lycopene intake in the diet is linked to a lower risk of cervical cancer. As well as demonstrating benefits for prostate health, . Multiple studies have reported that lycopene supplementation given . Instruction. A recent study found that consuming 14 milligrams a day of lycopene can improve fertility in healthy young men by about 40 percent. In one study on sperm cells, it preserved sperm motility and protected from oxidative damage [5]. However, in other research, taking lycopene daily for up to one year did not seem to help treat prostate cancer. Research on the effect of lycopene in age-related eye disease is inconsistent. Unlike beta-carotene, lycopene lacks a beta-ionone ring and therefore has no pro-vitamin A activity 21). Another study paints a clearer picture: of 193 healthy older people, those with higher blood levels of lycopene had better cognitive function [27]. Taking lycopene daily helps to forbid psoriasis, scalp tenia and dermatitis. You must consult your doctor before acting on any content on this website, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition. Women with adequate intake of lycopene on regular basis could alleviate weak and thinness of bones which eventually leads to osteoporosis. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals that are formed in the process of cellular respiration, thus preventing damage to cell DNA. Here is a list of foods that pack significant amounts of lycopene [6, 7]: Free radical damage plays a large role in heart disease. More evidence is needed to rate lycopene for these uses. Assists your body in balancing estrogen levels.*. Metformin Diet: Best Foods To Eat And Which To Avoid. What causes BPH? By clicking Download Now, I agree to Ben's Natural Health Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. Lycopene is a nutraceutical with health-promoting and anti-cancer activities, but due to a lack of evidence, there are no recommendations regarding its use and dosage. Both petitioners requested that FDA evaluate the relationship between tomato and/or lycopene consumption and prostate cancer risk. 1 gram protein. While there is no formal recommendation for lycopene intake, 2 to 75 milligrams (mg) per day have been commonly studied and proven safe. Cancer Lett 269 (2): 339-51, 2008. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18585855?dopt=Abstract, National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health. However, lycopene is a powerful antioxidant with many health benefits. Other benefits of Lycopene . We also looked at certain health benefits like protecting cells in the body, acting as an antioxidant, protecting from sunlight, improving heart health, preventing and treating cancer, treating asthma, and improving bone health. Male fertility problems. However, measures of lycopene intake have been based on eating tomatoes, not on the use of lycopene supplements. Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Straub O. Although dietary lycopene may offer protection against cancers of the lung, breast, bladder, stomach, mouth or prostate, supplemental lycopene may worsen the effects of prostate cancer in men who already have the disease, MedlinePlus notes. However, research has not confirmed that lycopene offers greater preventive benefits than potassium, vitamin C or other nutrients found in these foods. Lycopene is a bright red carotenoid hydrocarbon found in these fruits and vegetables. High blood pressure. In: Pfander H, editor. And once again, other carotenoids had no effect [16, 17]. Prevents cancer cell growth. As a kid, he suffered from inflammation, brain fog, fatigue, digestive problems, anxiety, depression, and other issues that were poorly understood in both conventional and alternative medicine. Early research shows that taking a specific lycopene product (LycoMato, LycoRed Corp., Organge, NJ) daily for 8 weeks lowers blood pressure in people with high blood pressure. . FDA concludes that it is highly uncertain that tomato sauce reduces the risk of ovarian cancer., The qualified health claim for pancreatic cancer was One study suggests that consuming tomatoes does not reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer, but one weaker, more limited study suggests that consuming tomatoes may reduce this risk. It (along with beta-carotene) is the dominating carotenoid in the human tissue and helps modulate skin properties ( 26 ). 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